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• Isotretinoin (Roaccutane) Information

• Spironolactone Information

Acne Patient Information - what you need to know

What is acne? 

Acne is a very common skin condition that causes pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, and sometimes deep nodules to form on the skin. Acne can occur anywhere on the body, but it is most commonly found on the face, neck, chest, and back.

What causes acne? 

Acne is caused by a combination of factors, including when your skin makes too much oil (called sebum). This oil mixes with dead skin cells, and it can clog your pores causing blackheads and whiteheads. Blackheads are not because the skin is dirty, the plug of dead skin cells turns black when exposed to air. Also when the pores are clogged, acne bacteria (called Cutibacterium acnes) can overgrow and along with inflammation, can lead to swollen, red, or pus-filled pimples.

Acne can be caused by hormones. When you're a teenager, your body makes a lot of hormones, and that's why many teenagers get acne. But acne can also happen to adults, especially women. Stress, certain medications, and some skincare products can also cause acne. Sometimes, acne can run in families, so if your parents had acne, you might get it too.

Sometimes, acne can be caused by a problem with the hormones. The most common problem with hormones is polycystic ovarian syndrome in females. If you are a woman and have irregular periods, unusual hair growth or hair loss, mention this to your dermatologist in case it is relevant.

What are the symptoms of acne?

Acne can look different for everyone, but you might see oily skin, blackheads, whiteheads, red spots, or pimples filled with pus. Sometimes, bigger bumps called nodules or cysts can form. Acne can also leave scars or marks on your skin, which can be raised and lumpy or indented. Acne can also leave red, dark, or light markings.

It's important to remember that not all spots on your skin are acne, so if you see something unusual or have questions, talk to your dermatologist. Having acne can also affect your mood and self-esteem. Studies have shown that acne can make people feel sad, anxious, or even think about hurting themselves. If you're feeling this way, it's important to talk to your doctor

or someone you trust about how you're feeling. They can help you feel better and find ways to treat your acne.

How is acne treated? 

Acne can be treated with a variety of methods, including:

• Over-the-counter creams such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and alpha hydroxy acids

• Prescription creams such as topical antibiotics or prescription strength retinoid

• Prescription tablets such as antibiotics, hormone treatments and oral retinoids (Isotretinoin / Accutane / Roaccutane)

It is important to note that treatment for acne will take at least two months to see any improvement and may require a combination of methods to be effective. Your dermatologist help you determine the best course of treatment for your individual needs. Note - only Dermatologists are able to prescribe Isotretinoin / Accutane / Roaccutane in Australia

What can I do to prevent acne?

While there is no surefire way to prevent acne, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

• Keep your skin clean by washing your face twice daily with a gentle soap-free cleanser

• Try not to pick or squeeze your pimples are this can cause scarring and infection

• Avoid wearing tight clothing that can trap sweat and oil against your skin

• Use non-comedogenic products on your skin, which means they won't clog your pores

• Be careful with your diet and avoid foods that are high in sugar or refined carbohydrates

When should I see a dermatologist? 

If you have moderate to severe acne or your acne is not responding to over-the-counter treatments or GP-prescribed treatments you should see a dermatologist for further evaluation and treatment. Additionally, if your acne is causing scarring or emotional distress, you may want to see a dermatologist. Even mild acne can cause scarring, so it’s important not to ignore your acne or “put up with it”.

We hope this information has been helpful in understanding acne and its treatment options. If you have any further questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact Virtual Dermatology.