Rosacea Patient Information - what you need to know

What is Rosacea?

Rosacea is a common skin condition that causes redness, bumps, and sometimes small, dilated blood vessels on the face. It most often affects people with fair skin, but can affect any skin type. There are 4 medical subtypes of rosacea, they often overlap and your dermatologist will advise you what type you have.

What causes Rosacea?

The exact cause of rosacea is not known, but genetics, the immune system and environmental factors all play a role. Some research has suggested that Demodex mites, which are tiny parasites that live on the skin, may play a role in the development of rosacea. These mites are present on everyone's skin, but people with rosacea may have more of them than usual. It's thought that the mites may trigger an immune response in the skin, leading to inflammation and the characteristic symptoms of rosacea. Other possible factors include abnormalities in blood vessels, and the overgrowth of certain bacteria. Research has also suggested that people with a family history of rosacea may be more likely to develop the condition themselves. While the exact cause of rosacea is still being studied, it's clear that it's a complex condition that requires individualized care and management.

Symptoms of Rosacea:

The symptoms of rosacea can vary from person to person, but may include:

• Redness on the nose, cheeks, chin, and forehead

• Bumps or pimples on the face

• Small, dilated blood vessels on the face

• Irritation or burning in the eyes

• Thickened skin on the nose

Treatment:

There is no cure, but there are long-term treatments that can be helpful. Your dermatologist may recommend:

• Topical anti-inflammatory creams such as azelaic acid

• Prescription topical antibiotic creams to reduce inflammation or anti-mite creams to reduce Dermodex mites

• Prescription medications including antibiotics and oral retinoids (isotretinoin/Accutane/Roaccutane)

• Intense pulsed light (IPL) or vascular laser treatments to target redness or blushing

Prevention:

While there's no sure way to prevent rosacea, there are steps you can take to minimize your risk of developing it or making it worse:

• Protect your skin from the sun – apply an SPF 50+ sunscreen daily

• Use gentle, non-irritating skin care products

• Do not use steroid creams, as these can make rosacea worse

• Avoid hot, spicy foods

• Don't drink too much alcohol

• Manage stress levels

If you think you may have rosacea, it's important to see a dermatologist for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. With the right care, most people with rosacea can manage their symptoms long-term.